Journal: eLife

Article Title: Conservation of peripheral nervous system formation mechanisms in divergent ascidian embryos

doi: 10.7554/eLife.59157

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Schematic summary of caudal PNS specification and molecular regulators in Ciona intestinalis (adapted from ; ; ; ; , more details can be found in ). ( B–L ) Expression of the P. mammillata orthologs of the C. intestinalis caudal PNS genes. In situ hybridization of a late neurula for Msx ( B ), at early tailbud stages for Ascl.b ( C ), Klf1/2/4 (D), Nkxtun3 (E), Tox ( F ), Bhlhtun1 ( G ), Dlx.c ( H ) and Dlk ( I ); and at mid/late tailbud stages for Atonal ( J ), Pou4F ( K ), and Celf3.a ( L ). ( M–Q ) Expression of Phmamm-Klf1/2/4 at early tailbud stages in control embryos ( M ), following electroporation of pFog >Ciinte.Admp ( N ) or pFog >Ciinte.Noggin ( P ); or following treatment with Bmp4 protein ( O ) or Dorsomorphin ( Q ). ( R–U ) Expression of Phmamm.Pou4F at late mid/late tailbud stages in control embryos ( R ), following treatment with Bmp4 protein ( S ), DAPT ( T ) or a combination of Bmp4 and DAPT ( U ). Embryos are shown in lateral view with dorsal to the top and anterior to the left. Scale bars: 50 μm.

Article Snippet: P. mammillata embryos were treated with 150 ng/ml recombinant zebrafish Bmp4 protein (1128-BM, R&D Systems Inc, stock solution in HCl 4 mM + BSA 0,1%) complemented with 0.1% BSA from the eight-cell stage, with 20 μM of the Bmp receptor inhibitor Dorsomorphin (S7306, Euromedex, stock solution in water) from early gastrula stages or with 25 μM of the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT (D5942, Sigma-Aldrich, stock solution in DMSO) from early neurula stages.

Techniques: Expressing, In Situ Hybridization, Control, Electroporation

Journal: Cell

Article Title: Molecular architecture of annelid nerve cord supports common origin of nervous system centralization in bilateria.

doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.02.040

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Dose-Dependent Regulation of Mediolateral Patterning Genes by Bmp4 (A) WMISH for bmp2/4 at 34 hpf and (B) 48 hpf. The larvae are laterally oriented with ventral to the left. (C and D) Quantification of the effect of Bmp4 on the expression of elav (C; n > 100) and nk2.2 (D; n > 48) by WMISH. (E–G) WHISM for nk2.2 (E), gsx (F), and pax3/7 (G) in control and Bmp4-treated embryos counterstained with a-acTubulin (cyan). (H and I) Quantification of the effect of Bmp4 on the expression of pax3/7 (H; n > 37) and nk6 (I; n > 89) by WMISH. (J) WHISM for ath in control and Bmp4-treated embryos counterstained with an anti-acety- lated tubulin antibody (cyan). (K and L) Quantification of the effect of Bmp4 on the expression of ath (K; n > 45) and pax6 (L; n > 142) by WMISH. The larvae in (E), (F), (G), and (J) are ventrally ori- ented. Scale bar is 50 mm.

Article Snippet: For the Bmp4 experiments 24 hpf larvae were incubated in seawater in the presence of different concentrations of recombinant zebrafish Bmp4 (R&D Systems, Cat. No. 1128-BM).

Techniques: Expressing, Control